Is back sleeping harmful when pregnant? (2022, October 12). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://health.clevelandclinic.org/exactly-how-bad-is-it-to-sleep-on-your-back-when-youre-pregnant/
Sleeping on your side during pregnancy. (2024, August 6). New Zealand College of Midwives. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.midwife.org.nz/women/pregnancy/sleeping-on-your-side-during-pregnancy
Technology, D. (2017, November 28). New research confirms that the risk of stillbirth is doubled if women go to sleep on their backs in the third trimester. Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://mft.nhs.uk/2017/11/22/new-research-confirms-risk-stillbirth-doubled-women-go-sleep-backs-third-trimester/
Pacheco, D. (2023, October 19). Sleeping while pregnant: First trimester. Sleep Foundation. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/pregnancy/sleeping-during-1st-trimester
Sleep during pregnancy. (2024, April 3). Pregnancy, Birth and Baby | Pregnancy Birth and Baby. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/sleep-during-pregnancy
Pacheco, D. (2023, November 22). Side sleeping: Benefits and which side to sleep on. Sleep Foundation. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleeping-positions/side-sleeping
Pacheco, D. (2025, July 16). Sleeping while pregnant: Second trimester. Sleep Foundation. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/pregnancy/sleeping-during-2nd-trimester
Best sleeping positions during pregnancy. (n.d.). American Pregnancy Association. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/pregnancy-health-wellness/sleeping-positions-while-pregnant/
Sleep position in pregnancy Q&A. (n.d.). Together, for every baby – Charity for Babies | Tommy’s. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.tommys.org/pregnancy-information/im-pregnant/sleep-side/sleep-position-pregnancy-qa
Is sleeping on your back during pregnancy risky? Experts weigh in. (2025, April 4). University of Utah Health | University of Utah Health. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://healthcare.utah.edu/the-scope/health-library/all/2025/03/sleeping-your-back-during-pregnancy-risky-experts-weigh
Summer, J. V. (2024, March 27). How to sleep better while pregnant. Sleep Foundation. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/pregnancy/tips-for-better-sleep
Pacheco, D. (2023, November 22). Side sleeping: Benefits and which side to sleep on. Sleep Foundation. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleeping-positions/side-sleeping
Cronin, R. S., Li, M., Thompson, J. M., Gordon, A., Raynes-Greenow, C. H., Heazell, A. E., Stacey, T., Culling, V. M., Bowring, V., Anderson, N. H., O’Brien, L. M., Mitchell, E. A., Askie, L. M., & McCowan, L. M. (2019). An individual participant data meta-analysis of maternal going-to-Sleep position, interactions with fetal vulnerability, and the risk of late stillbirth. EClinicalMedicine, 10, 49-57. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.03.014
Maternal sleep position in late pregnancy: Information for maternity clinicians. (2019, October 11). NSW Health. Retrieved 11 August 2025, from https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/kidsfamilies/MCFhealth/maternity/Pages/side-sleeping-clinicians.aspx